Canada capital
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Canada country profile
Key dates in the history of Canada:
15,000-20,000 before present - North America's first humans migrate from Asia.
500BC onwards - First Nations people settle and establish trade routes across what is now Canada.
11th Century - Norse explorers reach North America, establishing the first known European settlement in the Americas on Newfoundland.
1497 - Italian-born navigator John Cabot reaches the coasts of Newfoundland and Cape Breton.
Late-15th Century - First Nations population is estimated to be between 200,000 and two million. This falls by 40-80% after European colonization, due to repeated outbreaks of European infectious diseases, conflicts, loss of land and a subsequent loss of self-sufficiency.
1534 - Jacques Cartier explores the St Lawrence river and claims the Gulf of St Lawrence for France.
1583 - Newfoundland becomes England's first overseas colony.
1600s - Fur trade rivalry between the French, English and Dutch; the Europeans exploit existing rivalries between local peoples to form alliances.
1627 - C
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History of Canada
The history of Canada covers the period from the arrival of the Paleo-Indians to North America thousands of years ago to the present day. The lands encompassing present-day Canada have been inhabited for millennia by Indigenous peoples, with distinct trade networks, spiritual beliefs, and styles of social organization. Some of these older civilizations had long faded by the time of the first European arrivals and have been discovered through archeological investigations.
From the late 15th century, French and British expeditions explored, colonized, and fought over various places within North America in what constitutes present-day Canada. The colony of New France was claimed in 1534 with permanent settlements beginning in 1608. France ceded nearly all its North American possessions to the Great Britain in 1763 at the Treaty of Paris after the Seven Years' War. The now British Province of Quebec was divided into Upper and Lower Canada in 1791. The two provinces were united as the Province of Canada by the Act of Union 1840, which came into force in 1841.
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Canada
Country in North America
For other uses, see Canada (disambiguation).
Canada | |
|---|---|
| Motto: A mari usque ad mare (Latin) "From Sea to Sea" | |
| Anthem: "O Canada" | |
| Capital | Ottawa 45°24′N75°40′W / 45.400°N 75.667°W / 45.400; -75.667 |
| Largest city | Toronto |
| Official languages | |
| Demonym(s) | Canadian |
| Government | Federalparliamentaryconstitutional monarchy |
• Monarch | Charles III |
• Governor General | Mary Simon |
• Prime Minister | Justin Trudeau |
| Legislature | Parliament |
• Upper house | Senate |
• Lower house | House of Commons |
• Confederation | July 1, 1867 |
• Statute of Westminster, 1931 | December 11, 1931 |
• Patriation | April 17, 1982 |
• Total area | 9,984,670 km2 (3,855,100 sq mi) (2nd) |
• Water (%) | 11.76 (2015)[2] |
• Total land area | 9,093,507 km2 (3,511,023 sq mi) |
• 2024 Q4 estimate | 41,465,298[3] (36th) |
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